Course syllabus for Clinical Optometry 2

Optometrisk klinik 2

Specific entry requirements

Passed results of at least 55 credits from the Optometry programme's semester 1 and 2 and at least 45 credits from semester 3 and 4.

Students who have failed their VIL/VFU (clinical training opportunity) after demonstrating serious deficiencies in understanding, skill, or professional attitude, and done this to the degree that client or patient safety or client/ patient/ employer trust for the healthcare has been jeopardised, will qualify for a new VIL/VFU opportunity only after completion of an individual action plan.

Outcomes

After the course, the student should be able to

Knowledge and understanding

1. based on the optician's role as referring part in the health care be able to write a relevant referral to correct instance and reflect on referral response as well as care and treatment
   
2. analyse and be able to see connections between structure and function for the front and back segments of the eye, in relation to various pathological conditions
   
3. analyse and reflect upon methods for examination of binocular functions and specially adopted occupational glasses, as well as evaluate outcome and prescribe treatment

Competence and skills
4) perform complete vision screening according to laws and regulations, analyse and reflect on research results in relation to different optometric case types and be able to prescribe patient adapted optometric care
5) explain and justify the results and treatment plan to the patient, in a way that is comprehensible and involvs the patient, as well as record the examination correctly, including what information and recommendations the patient has received
6) describe the reason for the visit, general condition, and test results to plan further management
7) show high ability to search, collect and evaluate information at a scientific level and critically discuss phenomenas, issues and situations

Judgement and approach
8) reason about sustainable development as concept, area of knowledge and as an integrated (ecological, economic and social) perspective on social progress and man's interplay with nature - particularly in an optometric perspective
9) identify, reason and reflect on issues of ethics, sustainable development and equal opportunities
10) identify, reason and reflect on her own and other professions' role in contributing to sustainable eye health care development
11) demonstrate the ability to follow the knowledge development and identify her need of additional knowledge acquisition to continuously develop her skills in optometry, included knowledge of the scientific foundation of the optometry.

Aim 8-11 should be seen in relation to a safe and sustainable care on equal terms for the entire population, as well as with respect to the equality of all human beings and for the dignity of the individual person during VIL/VFU.

Content

The course contains binocular deviations, meibography, handling of referrals and clinical training opportunity (VIL including VFU). Eye examination according to the quality standard, to measure, review and interpret fields of vision, OCT and fundus images.

In addition to this the course is part of the teaching of general scientific knowledge within the program. In relation to teaching of general scientific knowledge, the students continue to broaden their knowledge related to the scientific base of optometry, science and proven experience and scientific communication. They also develop their knowledge and understanding, skills and abilities, their judgement, scientific thought and attitude, in relation to optometry and a lifelong learning. The teaching of general scientific knowledge is described in a separate document.

The course is divided in the following three modules:

Clinical work (2,5 hp)
The module includes VIL/VFU, portfolio and formative assessment of clinical proficiencies and patient care and case examination.

Theoretical understanding (1,5 hp)
The module includes theoretical understanding and renewal of the topic-specific contents of the course.

Scientific development (0,5 hp)
The module includes assignments in KI's virtual learning environment, the programme's scientific thread and written assignments.

Teaching methods

The course includes self-studies, demonstrations, test, laboratory sessions, theoretical overviews (e.g. lectures, seminars, flipped classroom, case methods), practical/ clinical exercises (VIL at the optometry programme's clinic and VFU in an optician's store or equivalent), portfolio and written assignments. The student must herself arrange to find a VFU placement that has to be approved by the course leader. The students are given a possibility to train practical skills but must take a great responsibility themselves.

Some course elements are compulsory, see heading "Examination".

Examination

The course is examined in the following way:

Module 1, Clinical work, examines aim 1-6, 9
a) continuous examination of clinical proficiencies and patient care in connection with VIL at the optometry programme's clinic, is graded U or G
b) continuous examination of clinical proficiencies and patient care in connection with VFU in an optician's store or equivalent, is graded U or G
c) compulsory portfolio according to instructions
d) compulsory seminar as per schedule

The module is graded U or G. The grade G requires G on examination assignment a) and b) and fulfillment of compulsory course elements.

Module 2, Theoretical understanding, examines aim 1-3, 6-7
a) written examination, is graded U, G or VG 
The module is graded as is the written examination, U, G or VG.

Module 3, Scientific development, examines aim 7-11
a) compulsory assignments in KI's virtual learning environment
b) written assignments, each graded U or G, a part of the scientific thread in the programme

The module is graded U or G. The grade G requires G on all written assignments b), and fulfillment of compulsory course elements.

Course grade
The entire course is given the grade Fail (U), Pass (G) or Pass with distinction (VG).
The grade Pass on the entire course requires Pass on all modules 1-3. Pass with distinction requires Pass on module 1 and 3, and Pass with distinction on module 2.

Absence from or unfullfillment of compulsory course element
The examiner decides whether, and if so how, absence from or unfulfillment of compulsory course elements can be made up for. Study results cannot be reported until the student has participated in or fulfilled compulsory course elements, or compensated for any absence/ failure to fulfill in accordance with instructions from the examiner. Absence from or unfulfillment of a compulsory course element may imply that the student can not retake the element until the next time the course is offered.

Limited access to VIL (clinical training opportunity)
Regarding VIL, the number of times a student has the right to participate/go through the course and thus be assessed on the same is not limited. However, participation in VIL will only be offered on the condition that there is a place available in the course.

Guidelines in case of failure of VIL/VFU
The examiner may, with immediate effect, interrupt a student's VIL/VFU (clinical placement) if the student demonstrates such serious deficiencies in knowledge, skills or attitude that patient safety or patient confidence in healthcare is at risk. If a VIL/VFU placement is interrupted in this way the student is deemed to have failed that element and to have used up one VIL/VFU opportunity. In such cases, an individual action plan should be set up stating which activities and tests are required before the student is qualified for a new VIL/VFU placement on the course. The number of times a student has the right to undergo activities and knowledge checks according to the individual action plan is limited to two times.

Possibility of exception from the course syllabus' regulations on examination
If there are special grounds, or a need for adaptation for a student with a disability, the examiner may decide to deviate from the syllabus's regulations on the examination form, the number of examination opportunities, the possibility of supplementation or exemptions from the compulsory section/s of the course etc. Content and learning outcomes as well as the level of expected knowledge, skills and attitudes may not be changed, removed or reduced.

Transitional provisions

If the course is cancelled or goes through substantial changes, information about interim regulations will be stated here.

Other directives

Course evaluation takes place in accordance with KI's local guidelines. Compilation of the students' answers in course questionnaires and the course coordinator's analysis of these are published on KI's public course web.

Teaching in English may occur.

Literature and other teaching aids

Mandatory literature

• Benjamin, William J.; Borish, Irvin M., Borish's clinical refraction, 2nd ed. : St. Louis, Mo. : Butterworth-Heinemann/Elsevier, c2006. - xviii, 1694 p. ISBN: 0-7506-7524-1, LIBRIS-ID: 10580274,
• Scheiman, Mitchell; Wick, Bruce, Clinical management of binocular vision: heterophoric, accommodative, and eye movement disorders, Fourth edition. : Philadelphia, Pennsylvania : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2014 - ix, 722 pages ISBN: 9781451175257, LIBRIS-ID: 16337727,

Reference literature

• Rabbetts, Ronald B., Clinical visual Optics, 4.ed. : Edinburgh : Elsevier/Butterworth Heinemann, 2007 - 470 p ISBN: 9780750688741,
• Clinical procedures in primary eye care, Elliott, David B., 3rd ed. : Edinburgh ;a New York : Elsevier/Butterworth Heinemann, 2007 - xii, 342 p. ISBN: 978-0-7506-8896-3, LIBRIS-ID: 11008167,
• Grosvenor, Theodore P, Primary care optometry, 5th ed. : St. Louis : Butterworth-Heinemann/Elsevier, 2007 - 510 p. ISBN: 978-0-7506-7575-6,
• Millodot, Michel, Dictionary of optometry and visual science, 7. ed. : Oxford : Butterworth-Heinemann, 2009 - 409 p ISBN: 978-0-7020-2958-5,
• Evans, Bruce J. W.; Pickwell, David.t Binocular vision anomalies, Pickwell's binocular vision anomalies, 5. ed. /b Bruce J.W. Evans : Edinburgh ;a New York : Elsevier Butterworth Heinemann, 2007 - 454 s. ISBN: 978-0-7506-8897-0, LIBRIS-ID: 10659509,
• Remington, Lee Ann., Clinical anatomy and physiology of the visual system, 3rd ed. : St. Louis : Elsevier/Butterworth-Heinemann, c2012. - ix, 292 p. ISBN: 1437719260, LIBRIS-ID: 20698295,
• Clinical ophthalmology: a systematic approach, Kanski, Jack J.; Bowling, Brad; Nischal, Ken K.; Pearson, Andrew, 7. ed. : Edinburgh : Butterworth-Heinemann, 2011 - ix, 909 s. ISBN: 978-0-7020-4093-1 (hbk.), LIBRIS-ID: 12189545,
• Steinman, Scott B.; Steinman, Barbara A.; Garzia, Ralph P., Foundations of binocular vision: a clinical perspective, New York : McGraw-Hill Co., c2000. - xi, 345 p. ISBN: 978-0-8385-2670-5 (alk. paper), LIBRIS-ID: 11950260,