Refraction 2, 6 credits

Passed results of at least 45 higher education credits from the Optometry program semester 1 and 2.

After the course, the student should be able to:

1) examine and analyse examination results in relation to different optometric case types
2) describe and handle the role of the optometrist as a referring practitioners in the health care
3) describe, apply and analyse the results of optometric screening
4) use and analyse advanced methods for ocular studies and
5) reason about sustainable development as concept knowledge field and as an integrated (ecological, economic and social) perspective on social progress and man's interplay with nature – particularly in an optometric perspective.

And that the student in relation to general scientific knowledge should be able to show:
6) ability to search, collect and evaluate information in a problem and to discuss phenomena, issues and situations critically
7) the ability to identify independently, formulate and solve problems in writing and to carry out assignments within given time frames and
8) ability to formulate scientific text in writing.

Aim 6-8 should be seen in relation to the document "Vetenskaplig strimma Optikerprogrammet".

The course contains the following parts: binocular vision and binocular case studies, recipe/referrals and screening methods. In addition to this the course is part of the teaching of general scientific knowledge within the program. In connection with this the students will continue to specialize within scholarship and best practice and scientific communication. They will also develop his knowledge and understanding, his skills and abilities his judgement and his scientific thought- and attitude in relation to optometry and a lifelong learning. The teaching of general scientific knowledge is described in separate document.

The course is divided into two (2) parts:

The course includes self-study, demonstrations, laboratory sessions, theoretical overviews (in the form of lectures, seminars, Case methods, practical exercises) and written assignments. The students are given a possibility to train practical skills but must take a great responsibility themselves.

The course be examined against the following aims and on the following way:

Part 1, Clinical work, examines the learning outcomes 1-8. Compulsory participation applies participating at demonstrations, test, laboratory sessions, seminars, study visits and at practical/clinical exercises. in case of absence, measures to be taken are discussed with the course director. The part is examined through written assignments. The part is graded according to the scale Fail/Pass.

Part 2, Theoretical understanding, examines the learning outcomes 1-8. The part is examined with written/oral the examinations. The part is graded according to the scale Fail/Pass/Pass with distinction.


The whole course is graded according to the scale Fail/Pass/Pass with distinction. For Passed is required passed at part 1 and 2. For a Pass with distinction, a Pass in part 1 and a Pass with distinction in part 2, are required.

Criteria for assessing practical tests are established in separate documents.

A student who fails the regular examination has the right to participate at additional five examinations. If the student fails six examinations/test there will be no additional examination. As an examination, the times that the student has participated the same test are counted. Submission of blank exam is counted as an examination. Examination to which the student has registered but not participated in is not counted as an examination.

If the course is closed down or undergoes major changes, students who have not completed the course are given the possibility, during four semesters from the date when the student first registered in the course, to be examined under the then current syllabus After four semesters, the student is examined under the new syllabus.

Course evaluation will be carried out in accordance with the guidelines established by the Board of Higher Education.

The course is based on knowledge acquired in previous courses in the program.

Teaching in English can occur.