Radiographic methodology 1, 7.5 credits

Part 1: Radiation physics, 4.5 HE credits • Account for the basic radiation biophysics within diagnostic image and functional medicine from concept such as energy, mass, charge and interaction. • Describe the physical and technical processes in the image for a X-ray image from X-ray tubes to screen. • Describe in what way photons be attenuated in a material and how the activity of a radioactive substance decreases with the time. • Explain how setting parameters that tube voltage and tube current influence the radiation quality at radiography. • Account for the radiation concepts absorbed dose, effective dose and equivalent dose. • Describe the properties and structure of digital images. • Give examples of appropriate measures to minimise radiation doses to patients and staff and optimise the diagnostic quality of the image at the same time within X-ray and nuclear medicine. Part 2: Radiographic techniques, 3 HE credits • Describe at a general level the structure and use for different radiographic modality such as the computer tomograph, the magnetic resonance imaging, the ultrasound equipment, analysis, mammography device and the gamma camera. • Explain how information to patients, referrals and radiographic images are managed and archived in the computer systems RIS and PACS.

Part 1 - Radiation physics, 4.5 HE credits The part deals with the sources of ionising and non-ionising radiation, interaction and detection. Furthermore, basic understanding of the risks that may occur in the use of ionising radiation is provided, and through practical exercises knowledge of practical radiation protection is provided. During this part basic understanding of the technical equipment used in conventional X-ray examinations such as X-ray tubes and image plates and exposure indications on these, is provided. The part also gives an overview of the filing systems used for images and as well as text materials (PACS and RIS). Part 2 - Radiographic technologies, 3 HE credits (Radiographic Techniques) During this part is made an overview of developments of different modality within image and functional medicine. In this teaching, study visits concerning the different examination methods are included.

The part deals with the sources of ionising and non-ionising radiation, interaction and detection. Furthermore, basic understanding of the risks that may occur in the use of ionising radiation is provided, and through practical exercises knowledge of practical radiation protection is provided.

During this part basic understanding of the technical equipment used in conventional X-ray examinations such as X-ray tubes and image plates and exposure indications on these, is provided. The part also gives an overview of the filing systems used for images and as well as text materials (PACS and RIS).

During this part is made an overview of developments of different modality within image and functional medicine. In this teaching, study visits concerning the different examination methods are included.

Module1 This part is carried out with a number of lectures. The part also includes a compulsory laboratory session where the student measures scattered radiation in a radiography. Module 2 This part is carried out with lectures and field studies on different modality. The students are divided into groups, and each group is assigned a modality. Each group independently produces a poster on their modality that is then presented orally in a poster exhibition at the end of the part.

Part 1 is examined through a written examination with the grading scale Fail/Pass/Pass with distinction. Furthermore, submitted and approved laboratory reports are required. Part 2 has the grading scale Failed/Passed and be examined through active participation in the group assignment and attendance at the presentation session of posters. A Pass with distinction in the course requires a Pass with distinction in part 1 and laboratory reports that have been submitted on time, and a Pass grade in part 2. The student is entitled to a total of six test occasions to get passed. In Connections to the course three occasions will be given One within the course, two occasions at future re-examinations. In some cases, it is required that the student submits an exemption application before he/she has the results of his/her latest completed examination. Three more opportunities are provided according to the same set-up when the course is given next time.

The student may be examined under a previous syllabus within a year after the date when a close-down or major changes of the course was decided.

Course evaluation will be carried out in accordance with the guidelines established by the Board of Education at Karolinska Institutet.